Reciprocal Teaching Technique Skripsi

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A.    Background of the Study

In English teaching learning, there are four skills that should be mastered, they are listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Reading is a multidimensional process that involves the eyes, the ears, the mouth, and most importantly, the brain (Bressel, 2008:15).

Reading comprehension is usually taught in schools in one of two ways. One method is to have students read a text, and then read comments or answer questions about the text. The comments and questions can range over a variety of topics, from what particular words mean to the main point of the whole text. The other common method for teaching reading comprehension is the reading group. In a reading group, students take turns reading aloud. The teacher usually helps out when the student has difficulties, and sometimes comments or asks a question about the text. This method goes some way toward teaching the process of reading comprehension, but typically the teacher deals only with low-level difficulties (word and parsing difficulties) and asks questions only about interpretations.

As comprehension involves the interaction of a wide range of cognitive skills and processes there are many occasions where difficulties arise that may lead to comprehension failure (Cain and Oakhill 2007). Alyousef (2005:4) believes that the biggest problems of reading comprehension are limited vocabulary and lack of background knowledge.

Based on the result of observation conducted by the researcher in some schools, the teachers, in the interview, informed that the major problem of the students in learning English is reading. Students have known how to pronounce the word, but they did not understand the meaning. For some students, they consulted to the dictionary and found the meaning, and others students who had less intention in reading, they just sat and let it flow. Other problem was students thought that reading was not interesting activity, so they talked to other students. In other school, the teacher informed that students are always do not understand the word, in other words, they have word comprehension failure.

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